advantages and disadvantages of the 1988 education reform act
>> /TT2 121 0 R endobj /Contents 192 0 R >> >> Thus an undersubscribed school where fewer parents chose to send their children would decrease in size and possibly close, while an oversubscribed school could, if properly managed, expand. /StructParents 4 101 0 obj 83 0 obj Education Reform Act 1988 (ERA88) onwards, we measured changes over time in the tendency for pupils with particular socio-economic characteristics to cluster in particular schools (termed segregation). /Parent 17 0 R >> /GS0 125 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] The Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted) was formed under the Education (Schools) Act 1992, as part of the major overhaul and centralisation of the school system begun by the Education Reform Act 1988, which introduced the National Curriculum, extensive testing in schools and the publication of league tables. endobj /MC0 129 0 R >> /PageElement << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Was the ERA a success or a failure? The 1988 reform act led to league tables and the schools market plus back-door selection and even corruption, School market supporters argue the case for the defence. << /TT1 121 0 R /MC0 129 0 R endobj >> /Type /Page 49 0 obj /Type /Page >> /TT1 226 0 R /Properties << >> Lowering taxation and reducing government spending. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << << >> /StructParents 32 >> /StructParents 8 The tripartite system of secondary education, implemented in the 1944 Act, offered three types of education after the age of 11: grammar schools for the most able, /Type /Page << >> /TT0 120 0 R << /Rotate 0 /Rotate 0 >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Type /Page 98 0 obj >> 76 0 obj /ExtGState << /StructParents 70 75 0 obj << /Font << << >> >> /ExtGState << endobj 77 0 obj >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 16 0 R 112 0 obj /Contents 275 0 R /Properties << /Properties << The aim of OFSTED is to drive up standards. The New Rights core aim for education was to improve standards through marketisation, which in turn required giving parents more choice over where their children went to school. These dimensions underpin the curriculum and the ethos of the school. 18 0 obj /Parent 19 0 R Students might also be interested in this summary of all education policies (up to 2010). << endobj >> << 72 0 obj /Resources << /MC0 129 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /PieceInfo << >> /StructParents 84 /Rotate 0 Many of the features of today's education system - from academies to league tables - have their origins in the 1988 Education Reform Act. >> >> >> /Kids [22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R] 58 0 obj 71 0 obj /Contents 221 0 R /TT1 121 0 R >> /Rotate 0 >> /Font << /Count 10 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 2 The Affordable Care Act, or "ACA," is a national health-care reform bill that was passed in March 2010. /Resources << The Education Reform Act 1988 (ERA) is regarded by many as the most important piece of legislation since the Education Act 1994. endobj 4.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings? /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << For example, if a school is guaranteed the 500 local children will attend their school their would be minimal competition between schools i.e. There were no league tables, no Ofsted, no academies or free schools. Young people want the kudos of entering a profession which is valued by their peers. 32 0 obj /ExtGState << /Parent 15 0 R It was this that then set the scene for successful schools to be able to expand and failing schools to collapse (and, following further policy changes later on under New Labour and other successive governments) to be taken over by successful schools. /Resources << /TT0 120 0 R /TT1 121 0 R >> /Font << Three decades later, the tools of that market performance measures and inspection reports are a fact of life. The unease Phillips voices about the market reforms came through interviews with many of the key players in recent education reform. /Parent 15 0 R /Properties << 53 0 obj >> endobj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Resources << /GS0 125 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /Resources << /Font << Educational disadvantage is demonstrated in many ways, most often in poor levels of participation and achievement in the . The Education Reform Act of 1988 kickstarted the marketisation of education by applying market forces to education, promoting competition, and increasing parental choice. /GS0 125 0 R /F3 122 0 R /Resources << /Rotate 0 endobj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 /Count 90 >> /StructParents 30 A bit like What car? magazine, but for schools. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 1 0 obj /MC0 129 0 R >> >> >> /GS0 125 0 R /Contents 258 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /TT0 120 0 R /StructParents 38 endobj The 1988 Education Reform Act was based on the principles of making schools more competitive (marketisation) and giving parents choice (parentocracy). /Resources << >> /Properties << /Rotate 0 >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 60 0 obj /ExtGState << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] Ball, Bowe & Gerwitz investigated to see what impact the policies were having. << << /Resources << 48 0 obj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 /TT2 121 0 R >> 0000035224 00000 n /Parent 3 0 R /Kids [72 0 R 73 0 R 74 0 R 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R] /Length 3936 /TT2 121 0 R /Dest [110 0 R /XYZ 0 771 null] >> >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 107 0 obj 67 0 obj Poverty Reduction. 30 0 obj >> /StructParents 48 << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Rotate 0 28 0 obj /Type /Page >> /Type /Page >> They will maintain the schools position in the league tables and its status in the education market. /TT0 120 0 R Open Enrolment is where parents are allowed to select multiple schools to send their children too, but only specifying one as their first choice. . /Parent 9 0 R /StructParents 29 >> << Also from SAGE Publishing. >> /Rotate 0 /TT0 120 0 R /Resources << /Kids [52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page >> >> << /Font << endobj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << The declining power of Local Education Authorities, The 1988 Education Act: Evidence that it Worked, League Tables distort teaching and learning, Cultural Capital gives the middle class more choice, The experience of schooling becomes very negative for failing students, curriculum in schools has become more narrow. /TT0 120 0 R /StructParents 59 /Font << /Annots [132 0 R 133 0 R 134 0 R 135 0 R 136 0 R 137 0 R 138 0 R 139 0 R 140 0 R 141 0 R >> 68 0 obj After 30 years of 'go compare', English education is a wild west. >> >> /TT1 226 0 R /Contents 299 0 R >> /Type /Page >> /Type /Page /GS0 125 0 R << schools increasingly teach to the test In order to look good in league tables which may stifle childrens ability to think critically and laterally. >> The New Right believed that state schools should also be run like this except that it is the government that funds the schools, not the fee-paying parents. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << Parentocracy refers to giving parents the choice over which schools to send their children too. The 1988 Education Reform Act introduced a National Curriculum, which was a return to traditional subjects similar to the old Grammar school Model. endobj 88 0 obj because classrooms contain students of all abilities, brighter pupils are held-back as the weaker learners catch-up, a problem critics says grammar schools don't have. /MC0 129 0 R /TT3 159 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] The advantages and disadvantages of the above mentioned land reforms are as follows: Abolition of intermediaries: The abolition of intermediaries has led to the end of a parasite class. >> >> /StructParents 52 /Rotate 0 /Properties << >> /Properties << /Parent 12 0 R /ExtGState << << /Rotate 0 >> /Parent 12 0 R >> >> /Resources << 11 0 obj /SourceModified (D:20040616123949) /GS0 125 0 R >> /MC0 129 0 R /MC0 129 0 R According to the results, the 1988 Education Reform Act has had a strong impact on teaching in the British primary schools. << /ExtGState << Following ARE THE Advantaged and Disadvantaged of New Education Policy 2020. 14 0 obj >> Approximately . << /Parent 9 0 R /Resources << /GS0 125 0 R /Contents 286 0 R /TT1 226 0 R /Parent 17 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Properties << /Type /Page >> /Contents 220 0 R /Annots [160 0 R 161 0 R 162 0 R 163 0 R 164 0 R 165 0 R 166 0 R 167 0 R 168 0 R 169 0 R /ExtGState << One advantage of standardized testing is that the results of such tests are empirically useful in terms of a large scale. >> >> /Type /Pages /TT0 120 0 R /StructParents 10 /ExtGState << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Parent 14 0 R /Rotate 0 >> /StructParents 3 >> /Parent 10 0 R << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << /StructParents 13 >> >> /Parent 14 0 R >> /MC0 129 0 R /ExtGState << /MC0 129 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /ExtGState << /Properties << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] Thirty years on we may be ready for another all-encompassing Education Reform Act. >> /Last 114 0 R /GS0 125 0 R >> /TT1 226 0 R /Type /Page 0000001818 00000 n /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R /Font << /ExtGState << /Metadata 6 0 R >> The logic behind league tables was that with all schools following the same curriculum it made it easier for parents to compare and choose between schools (parentocracy), and GCSE and SATs meant every student, and more importantly, every school was assessed using the same type of exam. /StructParents 55 /Properties << /Contents 257 0 R endobj endobj >> >> >> /Parent 11 0 R 87 0 obj /Parent 11 0 R >> /Type /Pages /Properties << /Type /Page >> >> /Parent 13 0 R /Resources << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. /MC0 129 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /GS0 125 0 R /StructParents 31 >> << >> /Resources << /Rotate 0 /Contents 266 0 R >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Rotate 0 >> /TT1 121 0 R >> /Parent 14 0 R >> Those who get an education have higher incomes, have more opportunities in their lives, and tend to be healthier. >> /Resources << << /Font << /MC0 129 0 R /Rotate 0 The League Tables give no indication of the wider social good a school is doing beyond getting students results. /Font << /Rotate 0 >> /Parent 2 0 R /Type /Page 0000003291 00000 n /PageLabels 5 0 R >> >> >> << 109 0 obj For better or for worse, for sheer impact the Education Reform Act of 1988 still trumps anything Labour has put up since 1997. /Font << /Parent 15 0 R Source: DAR Studies find that benefits such as improved . /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << /Font << The main reasons are to restore public faith in the judicial system and to ensure separation of powers between the legislature and the judiciary in accordance with the ECHR. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> >> /Font << /ExtGState << 36 0 obj The idea was that parents would have more choice and control over their children's education. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Resources << The Middle Classes have more effective choice because of their higher incomes, The Middle classes have more effective choice because of their greater cultural and social capital, Schools become more selective they are more likely to want pupils who are likely to do well. /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] All that changed 30 years ago this summer with the introduction of the 1988 Education Reform Act, a huge piece of legislation that introduced the national curriculum and the idea of diversity and a schools market in which parents would vote with their feet, in theory encouraging the best schools to expand and the worst to improve or close. /ExtGState << 15 0 obj /Parent 16 0 R /Type /Page /GS0 125 0 R And while many more young people are staying on to higher level qualifications than 30 years ago, and gaps in attainment by social group are starting to narrow, around 11% of 16- 24-year-olds are still not in employment, education or training. << >> Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /MC0 129 0 R >> >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << /Contents 265 0 R 66 0 obj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> endobj >> >> << Registered office: International House, Queens Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE, Advantages & disadvantages of The education reform act 1988. >> /Font << /GS0 125 0 R It shows how an informed educational philosophy helps us respond to . endobj /ExtGState << /Properties << >> >> /S /D /Marked true /GS0 125 0 R /Type /Pages Hi do you have the name of the textbook this information was from as I need to reference for my assignmentthanks . 2 0 obj << The act introduced GCSEs and league tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary competitive education system. /MC0 129 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> History. /GS0 125 0 R >> <]>> /TT2 121 0 R /TT2 121 0 R /TT0 120 0 R Government healthcare refers to government funding of healthcare services via direct payments to doctors, hospitals, and other providers. The 1997 New Labour and the 2010 Coalition Government which followed kept to the basic system established in 1988. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /StructParents 47 The following overview of the evolution of ESEA and federal standards-based education reform policy is presented to contextualize ESSA and help inform how states respond to the new law. >> >> /MC0 129 0 R /Contents 236 0 R /Properties << /Rotate 0 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R /Next 307 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Properties << << /Type /Page /MC0 129 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /TT0 120 0 R /Parent 10 0 R << Stephen Ball talks of the school/ parent alliance: Middle class parents want middle class schools and schools want middle class pupils. /Filter /FlateDecode /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 11 0 R /ExtGState << >> /Contents 283 0 R /TT0 120 0 R endobj /Next 19 0 R /Resources << >> endobj >> /TT0 120 0 R /Contents 288 0 R /Properties << << /Resources << /RBGroups [] 0000000994 00000 n >> >> /Type /Page /Font << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 10 0 R /Rotate 0 114 0 obj endobj 23 0 obj /Rotate 0 /Type /Page 44 0 obj New Right ideas have most been mostly strictly followed by the Conservative when they have been in power in the UK firstly, 1979-1997 and again since 2010.New Right Education Policies started to be introduced under Thatchers government from the early 1980s. >> /Font << /GS0 125 0 R /TT3 159 0 R >> /Rotate 0 >> << /Type /Page endobj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab. /Contents 255 0 R << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << /Parent 12 0 R /StructParents 27 806 8067 22 /Parent 17 0 R endobj >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT1 121 0 R /Parent 15 0 R /Resources << << /Parent 16 0 R /Resources << >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /First 113 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /MC0 129 0 R 0000001551 00000 n >> >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 57 0 obj <> endobj /MC0 129 0 R endobj /Parent 12 0 R /Properties << /Contents 250 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 104 0 obj << The chains have over-expanded and it often becomes more about the preservation of the trust than about the pupils. << >> xref /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << /Parent 14 0 R /Rotate 0 /Resources << ERIC is an online library of education research and information, sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education. >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 /Resources << /Font << /TT0 120 0 R 35 0 obj /Font << 203 0 R 204 0 R 205 0 R 206 0 R 207 0 R 208 0 R 209 0 R 210 0 R 211 0 R 212 0 R endobj >> /Next 112 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << 12 0 obj /Font << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R << /Properties << /LastModified (D:20040616154335) endobj /Properties << The English schools hierarchy is as powerful as ever, with some choices only available to a select group of parents who can afford hefty fees, move to the catchment of a successful school, or pay for costly private tuition to pass high-stakes entrance exams. /Parent 2 0 R /TT0 120 0 R This post has primarily been written forstudents of A-level sociology who are studying the education module in their first year. >> endobj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Proposing abolition of fees, maintenance grants and division of primary and secondary schools, this legislation was opposed by the Church of England and Roman Catholic communities, which feared loss of control to Local Education Authorities (LEAs). More limited claims for the thesis are posited. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT0 120 0 R >> 0000052072 00000 n /Font << The aim of this policy is to raise standards. /TT1 121 0 R /Contents 285 0 R /Parent 2 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /Rotate 0 endobj << Students will usually move on to study New Labors Education policies after this one. stream endobj /Rotate 0 >> /StructParents 23 Meanwhile, there is growing concern about the unintended consequences of high-stakes accountability; off rolling pupils less likely to succeed, teaching to the test, manipulation of the curriculum and small but significant number of orphan schools that none of the new edu-providers want. /Contents 300 0 R >> endobj >> /Type /Page >> /Prev 115 0 R /Font << Phillips, who seriously considered academy conversion for his school but decided to stay within Lambeth local authority, believes the innovative instincts behind the early academies have evaporated in the rush for mass academisation. >> 92 0 obj >> >> /TT1 121 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT1 121 0 R < /GS0 125 0 R It shows how an informed educational philosophy helps us respond to their.... 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