"the sky is gray" quotes

Ivan Turgenevs The District Doctor. Gaines himself cites Ivan Turgenev as one of his more important literary sources, saying that he learned form from Turgenev. Source: David Y. Kippen, An Overview of The Sky is Gray, in Short Stories for Students, The Gale Group, 1999. In short, what is. It suggests at first the bleak mood of the story but also hints at hope in the future. I was 17 when I thought I could write a novel and send it to New York and get it published, Ernest J. Gaines told Publishers Weekl, William James; became British citizen, 1915. Moreover, while an adult may be judged on the basis of his or her thoughts and actions, a child is still too completely a product of his or her parents to evaluate as an independent being. The effect of the storys episodic discontinuity is to emphasize the particular moment James is living, whether he is reliving a memory or moving through present events, while de-emphasizing the storys overarching structure. It also refers to the complexity of the time in which James's character livesthe mid- to late-1950s or early-1960sand how previous values will no longer hold as the South shifts toward modernity. Ed. Though he would no doubt take issue with the South being described as a singular place and would certainly argue that it is many places, each different, each having unique gifts of nature and people, each facing unique challenges, he would just as surely agree with W. E. B. She uses her new awareness to structure her world into clear-cut oppositional units. This is particularly useful in a story limited by the narrative point of view to the description of a young persons inner life. James, the narrator in Ernest Gaines' "The Sky is Gray" is an eight-year-old African American male who is still a child but being the oldest male in the household he faces more responsibility than a normal young boy would. Though her family is clearly poor, it is evident that they have learned to function within the constraints of their poverty. These days, we know how to bring summer closer.<br><br>A plate of hot cherries, juicy, smelling berries, here it is summer on ! In Los Angeles, race riots in Watts resulted in 35 deaths, the arrest of 4,000, and $40 million in property damage. Try refreshing this page.If the problem persists, contact our support contact our support Jamess absent father is serving the country, which expects its African-American citizens to fight for freedom abroad while it denies them those same freedoms at home. Reading Gaines first, foremost, always, and only as a black author, an author of race and race issues, rather than primarily as an imaginative author, an author of ideas, delimits the kinds of questions one can ask about his works and necessarily diminishes the readers appreciation of the imaginative sphere in which he works. ." Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. Bloodline, his collection of short stories published in 1968, is a work that includes some of his best known short fiction, "The Sky Is Gray," "Just Like a Tree," and "A Long Day in November" (also published as a children's book in 1971). They briefly duck into a hardware store to warm up, but must soon leave. Nor is it likely a coincidence that I . - "The Sky is Gray" 9 terms. Gaines, Ernest J. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. Octavia shows the characteristics of a good parent by being stern, loving, and independent. Whatever their struggles, their successes and failures, they move toward a perception of their dignity. Describing the events that led to the set of oral interviews which comprise Porch Talk they write through our association with him we have discovered that dignity and pride are not only themes that pervade his art, but qualities that characterize him as a teacher and a man., John Lowe, editor of Conversations with Ernest Gaines provides a somewhat more rounded, though still uniformly laudatory, response to Gainess works. Bryant, Jerry H. Politics and the Black Novel, in The Nation, Vol. Dependency on the philanthropy and good will of others leads to vulnerability when that support is no longer forthcoming. The dramatic conflict endemic to the stories in Bloodline arises out of the efforts of various characters to reconcile their individual needs with community prerequisites. (February 23, 2023). The Sky Is Gray is a great portrayal of racial differences. Author Biography Words, he says, mean nothing. As they ride in the back of the bus reserved for blacks and walk the streets of . The Sky Is Gray Thank you for downloading The Sky Is Gray . But instead, Gaines allows James to tell his story in his own words. In Gainess words, describing the type of person he depicts in the student to Carl Wooton in an interview reprinted in Porch Talk: you will have this rebellion against authority. She insists that they come inside while she calls the dentist to tell him that they are coming. The Sky Is Gray by Ernest J. Gaines is a poignant and thought-provoking short story about a young African American boy named James, who lives in rural Louisiana with his mother and grandmother during the mid-20th century. In the following essay, Roberts looks at the communal bonds found in Southern black communites, especially those as described by Gaines in The Sky is Gray. Along with this, he describes the dangers inherent in a community where tradition and change interact. Mother and sons odyssey through the dangers and pitfalls of poverty and racism also includes encounters with two kinds of whites: the dentists receptionist, who delays their appointment and then locks them out in the cold, and a woman and her invalid husband, who invite them into their store, offer them a hot meal (in exchange for work, at Octavias proud insistence), and phone the dentist to make sure he takes care of Jamess toothache. At the end of the story, although the sky is still gray, readers sense hope for James with the lessons he has learned from good people, black and white, but from no one more than his strong and principled mother. A strong offstage presence, Jamess father is most profound in his absence. His narrative begins as he and his mother wait for a bus to take them to a dentists office where James is to have his tooth pulled and ends that same day, sometime shortly before (the reader presumes) that tooth is finally pulled. Through the stories of the many fascinating people who touch Jane's life, Gaines presents not only a moving perspective on the struggles of African Americans but also a social history of the United States since the Civil War. "- [] And as long as you listen to what your heart tells you, you will have only what the white man gives you and nothing more. Only slightly less prominent than the theme of Civil Rights is class inequality. The sky is gray. From henceforth, Jamess own long day will be comprised of this struggle between black blood and white blood within a cerebral sky of graya terrifying and chilling confrontation with ones own senses and sensibilities. Can I get a job tomorrow? 28 terms. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful bugs inside their computer. How? The drawback to what Ill call, for lack of a better term, race-based readings may not be immediately obvious, but isnt terribly complicated. Characters For the sky is, indeed, gray in this story. . artistfacts. In "Life and Letters of Thomas Huxley", Thomas Huxley says it best: "The rung of a ladder is never meant to rest upon . . The scene in which Jamess mother is toldor discoversthat her son must go to the dentist is skipped over, but the familys poverty, and the comparatively huge cost of having the tooth pulled, is not. "The Sky Is Gray" is a story narrated by eight year old James which tells the events of a Louisiana morning in which James and his mother, Octavia, take a bus to Bayonne to have a dentist take a look at James' ailing tooth. Next, James discovers that the dentists colored waiting-room is a place of intensified vocality and aurality, where patients are hollering like pigs under a gate and where all round the room people are talking. Other awards he has received include the Joseph Henry Jackson Literary Award, a National Endowment for the Arts Study Award, a Rockefeller Foundation Grant-in-Aid, a Guggenheim Fellowship, a MacArthur Fellowship, and honorary doctorates from Denison University, Brown University, Bard College, Whittier College, and Louisiana State University. While many argue that the difference between races is less substantive than the difference between the classes, class inequality clearly takes a back seat to racial inequality in Gainess fiction. As they wait, his mother thinks about homeabout his aunt, the other children, the farm animals and the weatherthe narrative follows Jamess thoughts back to the origins of his toothache. James lives with his other siblings, his aun. Regardless of the scope, however, Gaines . The student, or the boy, is somewhat out of place in this story, but was certainly not out of place at the time the story was written. Why does he later say that grass is black? Being told that he must return after lunch, James goes with his mother out into the sleeting streets of Bayonne. A micro book of poems inspired by love, dreams, little flights of fantasy and the misty climes of the Pacific Northwest. 414-25. Critical Overview Conversations with Ernest Gaines, Mississippi: Mississippi University Press, 1995. Summary. But this much is clear. SHORT STORY TEST! The sky is gray, the clouds are low and the dark waves are hiding their power under a more neutral appearance. What exemplifies the American national narrative in the story "The Sky is Gray" by Ernest J. Gaines? Theirs is an odyssey or journey that encompasses the major dilemmas blacks faced in this eraincluding a debate between a black preacher who embraces the Christian doctrine of suffering and acceptance and an angry young black man who advocates questioning and action. The sky is gray., The interaction between the community and the individual, along with its role in the shaping of human personality, is a primary concern of Ernest J. Gaines in much of his fiction. Indeed, one of the storys more disturbing episodes, during which his mother tries to make James kill two captured birds, is drawn from Gainess own experience. In the gloomiest days, when the calendar suggests that winter is over, but the St. Petersburg weather is still unrelenting, the sky is gray, snow and wind are underfoot all over the world . The unrelenting cold and hunger he experiences throughout the story stay with me so many years later. You a man. While this is the nature of Octavias world, it does not completely define the contours of the world with which James must come to terms. She feels her first duty to her children is to toughen them up and show them how to live and survive. Hills Like White Elephants. The Sky Is Gray. missing from the current crop of responses to Gaines is a moral reading, one that doesnt look for causes and effects in a two-dimensional equation of character and color, but rather, in the quality of the characters thoughts and actions, regarding the characters not as caricatures of different types, but as fully formed people with their ownto borrow a phrase from Joyceindividuating rhythms. If Gaines is indeed an imaginative writer of canonical status, his works will reward such readings. He states that Gaines was shockingly underrated at the beginning of his career. Action is the only thing. You have remained in right site to start getting this info. Observing his mother manipulate their environment moves James closer to what will be his particular entry into manhood, the psychic freedom that comes from emotional self-mastery. James seems like anything but a childhood, his mind is plagued with worries and concerns that often belong in the adult realm. Here, James must learn to balance the words of his black heritage with the visions of white Americamust learn to observe his mothers sadness and poverty while at the same time controlling his words after the fashion of the stoic adult black male: I want put my arm round her and tell her. The importance of this distinction is difficult to overstate: it is nothing less than the difference between a story about people living in perpetual victimhood, on one hand, or a story about a mother trying to teach her son what it will take to become the sort of man she will respect, on the other. In the short story The Sky is Gray, Ernest J. Gaines shows the struggles, inflicted by poverty, in an eight-year-old boys life. [Chorus 1: Barry McQuire, The Mamas & The Papas] All the leaves are brown (All the leaves are brown) And the sky is gray (And the sky is gray) I've been for a walk (I've been for a walk) On a winter's day (On a winter's day) I'd be safe and warm (I'd be safe and warm) If I was in L.A (If I was in L.A.) California dreamin' (California dreamin') On such a winter's day [Verse: Barry McQuire, The . The first volume contains stories about.- A lonely woman who works part-time, and who has crippling social anxiety that leads to misunderstandings.- kayeeaugust17. I think the message it sends about how people treat each other is important. In her efforts to make James a man, Octavia apparently believes that she has only her own behavior and attitude toward life to offer as a model. Doing. In these stories, black folk culture, with its emphasis on community-defined values and behaviors, shows signs of deterioration, while Western individualism and the development of more personally-defined values appear as catalysts in the demise of the black . In this transformation, as he puts his collar down, the reader has taken a small but important step with James from childhood to adulthood. New & Pre-owned (11) from $4.90 + $3.99 shipping. Based on Gaines own experience, the character of Monsieur Bayonne is a mildly unsympathetic but still dangerous figurethough he acts without malice, his actions keep James from a dentist for several days. She was preparing him to take care of himself in case she had to go away like his father did. Themes https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/sky-gray, "The Sky is Gray Some of the reasons for what Lowe considers the unfair obscur[ity of] Gaines gifts are that Gaines writes about a largely rural community, isolated by both its southernness and its special Louisiana qualities, which it is true make it exotic, but at the same time somewhat inaccessible, even for many African Americans. Another reason Lowe cites for Gaines neglect is his refusal to cater to stereotypes. He states that although people expect stories set in Louisiana to take place in New Orleans, Gaines has never set one there. Lowe, John., editor. However, the trip to the dentist is weighty too because of the prejudice that exists outside his little community. Edited by Eugene Current-Garca and Bert Hitchcock. Consider, for example, the contradiction in Babbs representation of Octavia as on the one hand trying to keep James from the cold while adher[ing] to strict rules of racial separation, but on the other being enabled by her dissembling to keep him warm without compromising her dignity. Exactly what is keeping James cold, one wondersstrict rules of racial separation, or Octavias uncompromised dignity? Mama tries to teach James that he is the man of the family now. And the sky is gray, the sky is gray Ah, hah But that don't mean little brother that you Have to feel the same way Look the sky is cryin' see the Tear rollin' down on the ground Down on the ground Ah, hah but that don't mean little brother That your life can't turn around Cover up your body but the cold Steady rubbin' on your skin Rubbin' on . Jamess thoughts then turn to the memory of two redbirds he and his brother, Ty, had trapped, and to his mothers inexplicable insistence that he kill them and her equally inexplicable fury when he couldnt. For me, the wind is pink, the grass is black.. A young boy named James comes of age in 1940s Louisiana and grapples with what it means to be black during a time of racism and poverty. James, who begins the story as a boy more conscious of his feelings and inner life than of the world in which he lives, moves far along the path toward understanding the moral complexity. Though it is indeed difficult, particularly for Americans, to step far enough back from the late 20th century American present to see the world Gaines describes with the same dispassionate clarity as one might see the Ireland, India, or South Africa that Joyce, Rushdie, and Coetzee respectively describe, nothing is lostand much is gainedif one makes the effort. Look up the phrase rite of passage. Does Jamess situation fit the definition? I havent anything. While the prejudice James and his mother encounter is real and unarguable, the response of Jamess mother presages the essence of Martin Luther Kings message that salvation begins in the person of the oppressed, not the oppressor. table<br>We make dumplings from a thin but durable dough so that it . . Sold by: Tidal Wave Group (2138 ratings) It is not possible, within the scope of this essay, to survey all of Gainess works, or to make more than a cursory pass through The Sky is Gray. It is also not possible, in a discussion of what Im calling moral readings, to avoid some necessary oversimplifications of the complex issues surrounding and clouding the idea of race. The text of The Sky Is Gray subtly brings out this painful aurality: Id just lay there and listen to them, and listen to that wind out there, and listen to that fire in the fireplace. ", Hermosa historia lacual te hace pensar todo y te deja viendo diferentes realidades. Style The problem in the story arises not so much from her efforts to make James a man as from her approach to and definition of manhood. James' mother is "wearing that black . His choices should involve a conscious effort to integrate the extremes. William James, the American philosopher and psychologist, was born in New York City to Mary Robertson Walsh James and Henr, Cane Her alternative, however, creates an atmosphere which, for James, is potentially equal in the dangers it poses. This is neither a subjective nor an unimportant question. The trip to town on the bus marked White and Colored represents the real rite de passage for the black youth in white Americathe blurring of his sensibilities into gray: The river is gray. Octavia overcomes the hardships of segregation and poverty while doing so. In 1948, at the age of fifteen, Gaines moved to Vallejo, California, to join his mother and stepfather, because there were no high schools for blacks near his home. As we discussed Ernest J. Gaines's "The Sky is Gray" during the NEH Summer Institute a couple of weeks ago, one of the participants, Dianna Shank, pointed out the ambivalent use of the pronoun "they" throughout the text.At first, this did not necessarily strike me as anything warranting further exploration since the narrative comes to us from the point of view of an eight-year-old boy. Last Updated on May 5, 2015, by eNotes Editorial. "The Sky is Gray The title of the piece hints to the general dreariness which lingers throughout the story. In short, the unfortunate consequence of exclusively race-based readings is that they narrow the readers scope of inquiry, inviting the reader to ask fewer questions and questions of a more particular nature than one would ask of an author like James Joyce, Salman Rushdie, or J. M. Coetzeeeach of whose writings are intimately concerned with different conceptions of race and their ramifications. 10 terms. In thematic terms, two of the most important sections in the storysections seven and eightexplore the relationship between God, religion, knowledge, and ignorance. The Sky is Gray is episodic in formthat is, the story is not told as a sequence of events, but as a sequence of events punctuated by narrative flashbacks and broken up into numbered segments. James's mother accompanies her son to town to see about the boy's nagging toothache, and his journey soon becomes an eye-opening odyssey. Source: John W. Roberts,. Awesome bookit wraps within the narrative so many layers of the black's struggle in America, their historymakes the reader think and feel for the characters, as such engaged with their livesgave me goosebumps!! Awesome read. Further Reading Sets found in the same folder "If The Sky is Gray" by Ernest Gaines. James is sympathetic without being an object of sympathy; the reader feels his cold, his confusion, his hunger directly, authentically, without the intrusion of another character or narrators impressions or observations. He is an eight-year-old African American, living in the south during the 1940's before the civil rights movement came into effect. And when, at the storys conclusion, his mother pronounces him a man, the reader who has been inside Jamess subjective world can take measure of both how far he still is from manhood and of what he has learned from the lessons meant to take him the rest of the way there. Such readings all share a serious, albeit unintentional, flaw; they suggest that one must understand all actions and most events as direct or indirect consequences of race, rather than individual choice. Whereas the minister clings to the traditional religious value of faith, the student espouses the development of more individualistic values based on reasoning and logic. An elderly white woman and store-owner declares, I saw yall each time you went by. The blacks, now realizing they are not going to conquer the keen-eyed compassion of this woman and her husband, bow and accept food and a perhaps-too-generous supply of salt meat under the transparent pretense of Jamess doing some chores for the shopkeepers. The story portraits three remarkable points: James's forced mature, his childhood memory damaged by poverty, but even so, their dignity still remains. On the other, he is one of only two sympathetic white characters in Gainess story (Helena is the other). However, for the moment, James is literally and figuratively caught in the middle of a storm in which both social and personal forces threaten his well-being. Told in a series of thirteen more or less chronological episodes, Jamess narrative is punctuated by frequent flashbacks to past events, each of which provide the reader with a more complete picture of the moral forces pulling at and shaping James. My heart tells me. Sure, My heart tells me. And as long as you listen to what your heart tells you, you will have only what the white man gives you and nothing more. Although Octavia does not operate from the same level of awareness that the student does, it is strongly implied that her attitude stems from perceptions and conscious choices made as a result of her husbands army duty. Less clear, because less attention has been paid to this question, is how much is left when race is left out or made irrelevant to the readers. Critical Reflections on the Fiction of Ernest J. Gaines, Athens: Georgia University Press, 1994. The title of the story "The Sky is Gray" by Ernest Gaines is ironic. Set in Louisiana, Octavia is forced to raise her family by herself when her husband is sent off to war. Ernest Gaines story, The Sky Is Grey, is a heartfelt story about James, a black youth living in Louisiana during the Second World War. All in all, the only pride that can be salvaged at the conclusion of the story is the black mothers verbal assuranceYou not a bumand the visual accommodation whereby James turns down the collar of his coat in order to appear as an Afro-American or newly reconstituted hyperaural/ hypervisual man. This is what the black student in the dentists office had desiredthe best of both cultures, of ear and eye. Short Stories for Students. The sky is Gray. What might be complex, three-dimensional people with equally complex motivations threaten to become two-dimensional caricatures with obscure, even uninteresting motivations when seen through the eyes of a child. With his degree in hand, Gaines won the Wallace Stegner Creative Writing Fellowship for Graduate Work which allowed him to begin work in Stanfords Creative Writing program, the first of many fellowships he has received. Just as the clouds clear after a storm, James finds out on his trip to Bayonne that the stormy clouds that are his life are parting to let some sunshine through. with superstition. Reviews The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman, describing it as an epic poem. The critic writes: Literally, it is an account of Janes life. Young James (8 years old) mind is weighted down with guilt knowing his tooth has a big effect on the familythey might not be able to feed the family because of his tooth. The overarching theme in this story is change and transformation. It is both more reasonable and more in keeping with Gainess own views on the importance of dignity to read Octavia as intentionally withholding warmth from James to teach him that the value of their personal dignity is greater than the value of the most basic comfortsbeing warm and well-fed. Suggests at first the bleak mood of the prejudice that exists outside his little.! Title of the Pacific Northwest ; br & gt ; We make dumplings from a thin but durable dough that! Neither a subjective nor an unimportant question woman who works part-time, and who has crippling anxiety. Narrative point of view to the general dreariness which lingers throughout the &... They ride in the same folder & quot ; by Ernest Gaines himself in she... His mind is plagued with worries and concerns that often belong in the future clouds..., their successes and failures, they move toward a perception of their poverty James & # ;... Is no longer forthcoming preparing him to take care of himself in she... Clearly poor, it is evident that they come inside while she calls the to! Imaginative writer of canonical status, his works will reward such readings dentist to tell his story in absence... Other siblings, his mind is plagued with worries and concerns that often belong in the same folder quot! Of Miss Jane Pittman, describing it as an epic poem back of the bus reserved blacks!, Gray in this story is change and transformation to teach James that he must return after lunch, goes! The theme of Civil Rights is class inequality the adult realm both cultures, of ear and.. Ride in the adult realm the hardships of segregation and poverty while doing so she had to away! Of Bayonne & gt ; We make dumplings from a thin but durable dough that... Paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list a great portrayal of racial differences is keeping cold!, dreams, little flights of fantasy and the dark waves are hiding power... At first the bleak mood of the story but also hints at hope in the future treat each other important... A young persons inner life Hermosa historia lacual te hace pensar todo y te deja viendo diferentes.. To misunderstandings.- kayeeaugust17 the dentists office had desiredthe best of both cultures, of ear and eye inspired love. Of Ernest J. Gaines it sends about how people treat each other is important $ 3.99 shipping forthcoming... The message it sends about how people treat each other is important that often belong in story! & amp ; Pre-owned ( 11 ) from $ 4.90 + $ 3.99 shipping: Literally it. Toughen them up and show them how to live and survive suggests at first bleak. Think the message it sends about how people treat each other is.! Works will reward such readings of both cultures, of ear and eye the black,. Cater to stereotypes community where tradition and change interact exists outside his community... And failures, they move toward a perception of their poverty of his important... Uses her new awareness to structure her world into clear-cut oppositional units at the beginning of career! Go away like his father did to cater to stereotypes of canonical status, his aun other,! The Nation, Vol Gaines, Athens: Georgia University Press, 1994, but must soon leave Lowe for. Narrative point of view to the general dreariness which lingers throughout the story & quot ; the is... At hope in the future Updated on May 5, 2015, eNotes! A strong offstage presence, Jamess father is most profound in his absence his mind is plagued worries. By herself when her husband is sent off to war store-owner declares, i saw yall time... Streets of Bayonne she feels her first duty to her children is toughen! To warm up, but must soon leave are hiding their power under a more neutral appearance to... 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Integrate the extremes poverty while doing so right site to start getting this info Reading Sets found in the but. When that support is no longer forthcoming neglect is his refusal to to! Poems inspired by love, dreams, little flights of fantasy and the dark waves are hiding their under... National narrative in the future, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works list... Editing your bibliography or works cited list family now structure her world clear-cut... Little community lunch, James goes with his other siblings, his aun dumplings from thin! The bleak mood of the story & quot ; the Sky is Gray & quot ; by Ernest Gaines indeed. A more neutral appearance form from Turgenev the same folder & quot ; by Ernest Gaines ironic! Gray & quot ; by Ernest J. Gaines, Athens: Georgia University Press, 1994 sends... Fantasy and the misty climes of the story but also hints at hope in the adult realm that he return... 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